The term phosphodiesterase refers to a ‘‘superfamily’’ of enzymes consisting in humans of 11 families (isozymes or isoenzymes). Classification of the PDEs is based on their structure and whether they regulate the substrate cAMP, cGMP, or both. The PDEs are variously distributed throughout the body. Different drugs have different selectivity for inhibiting the various PDE families. For example, a number of older compounds such as theophylline and papaverine inhibit many or all of the PDE isozymes including PDE5 [12–14]. In contrast, the three PDE5 inhibitors are more selective for inhibiting PDE5 relative to the other PDE isoenzymes. None of the PDE5 inhibitors has any significant effect against PDEs 1–4 and 7–10, but sildenafil citrate and vardenafil HCl do have some activity against PDE6 and tadalafil has some activity against PDE 11 [15].
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